The hypoxaemia is likely related to ventilation/perfusion ( V′ A/ Q′) mismatch and in particular to increased intrapulmonary shunt arising from alveolar filling with fluid or cellular debris. Patients with early COVID-19 respiratory failure present with hypoxaemia and hyperventilation.
Worldwide there have been more than 6 million deaths. Many have required hospitalisation, with 10–20% of those requiring intensive care, mainly due to respiratory compromise. Since the beginning of 2020, over half a billion people have been diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by infection with the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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